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Data Collectionmedium
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A study aims to estimate the total population YYY. Using an auxiliary variable XXX known for the entire population, the ratio estimator is Y^R=yˉxˉX\hat{Y}_R = \frac{\bar{y}}{\bar{x}} XY^R​=xˉyˉ​​X. When is the ratio estimator more efficient than the simple expansion estimator Y^=Nyˉ\hat{Y} = N\bar{y}Y^=Nyˉ​?