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Linear Modelinghard
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Given the model Y=β0+β1X+ϵY = \beta_0 + \beta_1 X + \epsilonY=β0​+β1​X+ϵ with nnn observations, consider the leverage hiih_{ii}hii​ of the iii-th observation. Which statement about the diagonal elements of the hat matrix H=X(XTX)−1XT\mathbf{H} = \mathbf{X}(\mathbf{X}^T\mathbf{X})^{-1}\mathbf{X}^TH=X(XTX)−1XT is mathematically correct?