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Eigenvalues & Eigenvectorshard
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Let AAA be an n×nn \times nn×n real symmetric matrix with eigenvalues λ1≥λ2≥⋯≥λn\lambda_1 \ge \lambda_2 \ge \dots \ge \lambda_nλ1​≥λ2​≥⋯≥λn​. According to the Courant-Fischer theorem, how can the second largest eigenvalue λ2\lambda_2λ2​ be characterized?